A Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) buoy is an advanced observation platform designed to measure sea surface elevation and tidal variations with high precision. The precision point positioning (PPP) technology is employed to achieve accurate, elevation-referenced observations without reliance on nearby reference stations. The buoy body is carefully designed and optimized through stability and hydrodynamic calculations to ensure reliable performance under varying marine conditions.
The GNSS buoy is equipped with a high-performance embedded data acquisition system capable of high-frequency sampling and large data storage, enabling continuous and long-term monitoring of sea surface elevation. Such elevation-referenced sea level data are critical for offshore wind farm planning, turbine stability assessment, installation activities, environmental monitoring, and safety surveillance. Accurate measurements support the precise delineation of wind farm locations and boundaries, helping to minimize adverse impacts on the surrounding marine environment and biodiversity. Additionally, sea surface elevation data ensure that underwater infrastructure maintains a safe clearance from the sea surface and facilitate the coordination of offshore operations through continuous monitoring and forecasting of marine conditions.
GNSS buoys provide a flexible and adaptable alternative to traditional tide gauges, particularly for long-term and offshore applications. However, their performance can vary across different marine environments, influencing measurement accuracy, operational longevity, and overall suitability. Key factors affecting GNSS buoy performance include buoy stability, the quality of the data acquisition system, GNSS receiver capabilities, and the data processing methods employed. Careful integration and optimization of these components are therefore essential to ensure reliable and accurate sea level measurements.
On 23 November 2025, a GNSS buoy was deployed from the Payra Port into the Rabnabad Channel to acquire sea surface elevation data. This operation was conducted in collaboration with ICOG (International Centre for Ocean Governance), Department of Oceanography, Deltin 7 Aviator গেম টাকা ইনকাম of Deltin 7 bangladesh, and the Payra Port Authority.
